Voltage does not start the motor; it takes amperage. Having said that, test voltage should be in the 12.8-12.9 range; voltage of say 10.5 would indicate a dead or shorted cell. If a battery is rated at say 650 CCA (cold cranking amps) that means that the battery should deliver 650 CCA for 30 seconds. A load test typically tests the battery at half the CCA for half the time; i.e., a 650 CCA rated battery should be tested to confirm that it will deliver 325 CCA for 15 seconds.
Most don't understand that to properly load test a battery, it should be fully charged and the let sit for 8-12 hours before testing to get a true reading. A battery can load test good and still be a weak battery. As soon as it is subjected to the load the Harley motor requires to crank the motor; the battery's ability to deliver the rated CCA can diminish very quickly.
I don't know how the battery was prepped for testing or how it was tested so I may be talking out of school. However, I will bet a six pack that if the OP replaces the battery with an OEM battery or a Big Crank battery or any quality AGM battery his problem will be solved. Additionally, if he keeps the battery on a tender, the new battery should last at least 5 years. As usual, JMHO.
So what you're saying if I read your post correctly we're most likely giving bad or incorrect advice when we suggest someone load test their battery?
If that's the case I stand corrected and will no longer give that advice BUT I've used that method for years and it's never failed me yet.
Jeff, it sounds like he's saying a load test is still a good idea as long as it's done properly and the tester understands the parameters. I think too many of us hear "load test" and we go out and crank the engine for 5 seconds or so with a voltmeter attached and declare the battery good if the voltage stays up in the good range. I didn't realize there was so much more to it until I just read Dolt's post!