As Jack stated there is no voltage on the small green wire until you push the start button.
You said you had no voltage from solenoid to starter motor. That would also be correct until the solenoid is energized by way of the start button. The cable that has the voltage on the big lug of the solenoid goes directly to the positive side of the battery.
The way you jumper-ed the starter only test the starter motor, not the solenoid/jack shaft/bendix. If you disconnect the small solenoid wire then take a jumper from the battery positive post to the solenoid, where you disconnected the small wire, does the starter work or any clicks/noises?? If it turns then you have something wrong between start button and solenoid. Could be a fuse or relay.
You may have tried all of this or referred to do this, I didn't feel like rereading 5 pages. Got Lazy(lol)
tourbox